Civil Engineering :- Reinforcement

REINFORCEMENT

Reinforcement :- Reinforced concrete are used to take tensile load. As concrete is good in compression but can't take tensile load. Therefore we induce Reinforcement to take tensile load.

There are mainly 2 types of Reinforcement :- 1) Mild steel bars C.T.D. [ Cold Twisted Deformed ]

                                                                         2) High Yield Stress deformed bars [H.Y.S.D.].

Mainly now a days H.Y.S.D. bars are used. with diameter 8,10,12,16,20,25,32. Grade of steel depends of Fe value of steel , the maximum yield stress which is in N/mm2 are Fe250, Fe415, Fe500 for same Min % of elongation at failure is 23,14.5,12.
 
Following are the Weight of the Reinforcement bars.

1) 6   dia = 0.222 kg / metre
2) 8   dia = 0.395 kg / metre
3) 10 dia = 0.617 kg / metre
4) 12 dia = 0.889 kg / metre
5) 16 dia = 1.580 kg / metre
6) 20 dia = 2.469 kg / metre
7) 25 dia = 3.858 kg / metre
8) 32 dia = 6.321 kg / metre

Formula to get the weight is very simple :- ex 8 dia weight calculation = (8*8)/162 = 0.395 Ans.

                                                                          a = dia weight to be calculated = (a*a) / 162 .
Acceptance :-        

•    The pitch length between the twist should be 8 to 1 times that of the nominal diameter of bar.
•     The diameter of the bar should not vary, For measuring the diameter of bars, screw gauge or     vernier caliper should be kept on site.
•     Steel should not be brittle in nature but soft for working. It should not break into pieces         during bending
•      Length of the bars should be between 11 to 12 meters
•     Steel should not be corroded. This can be checked by the rusting layer on bars and by taking    weight of steel bar before and after immersion in water for 24 hrs. Loss of weight of steel          shows depth of corrosion.
•    In case of TOR steel TOR mark should be present on each meter length.