Civil Engineering :- Bricks

BRICKS

1. Bricks are laid in English bond, but the vertical joints are not in one line. In fact, the header brick should be placed on the centerline of the stretcher brick, so that all vertical joints are in the same vertical line.
2. The width of brick joints are not proper.
3. Joints are not properly packed with mortar, creating honeycomb brickwork.

                     concrete can be converted into precast masonry units such as Hollow and Solid normal and lightweight concrete blocks of the suitable size to be used for load and non-load bearing units for walling. The use of such concrete blocks is more appropriate in the region where soil bricks are costly, poor in strength, and are not available. Depending upon the structural requirements of the masonry unit, concrete mixes can be designed using ingredients available locally or if not found suitable then within the most economical distance. The concrete mix used for normal hollow and solid blocks shall not be richer than one part by volume of cement to 6 parts by volume of combined room dry aggregates before mixing. Hollow concrete blocks for normal work used in masonry when reinforced is used shall not be leaner than 1 part cement to 8 parts room dry sand by volume. The mixes are designed with the available materials to give the overall economy and the required properties of the products. The hollow load-bearing concrete blocks of the standard size 400 x 200 x 200 mm will weight between 17 and 26 kg (1063 to 1625 kg/m3) when made with normal-weight aggregates. Normal weight blocks are made with cement, sand, gravel, crushed stone, and air-cooled slag. The grading for sand used in Hollow concrete block shall be as given below: